Energy systems form the backbone of modern civilization. Understanding how solar panels convert photons to electricity, how wind turbines extract kinetic energy from air, and how power grids maintain frequency stability is essential for navigating the energy transition. Each technology obeys fundamental physical limits that no amount of engineering can overcome.
These simulations let you explore the physics of energy generation, storage, and distribution. Optimize solar panel tilt angles for maximum output. Push a wind turbine past the Betz limit. Watch battery voltage curves under different discharge rates. Stabilize a power grid's frequency. Control a nuclear reactor's criticality with control rod insertion depth.