Complexity science studies systems where simple local interactions produce emergent global behavior that cannot be predicted from the parts alone. A brain is not just neurons. An economy is not just transactions. An ecosystem is not just species. In each case, the whole is qualitatively different from the sum of its parts.
These simulations explore the key phenomena of complexity: self-organized criticality in sandpile models, emergent intelligence in ant colonies, Turing patterns in reaction-diffusion systems, the Boids flocking algorithm, and the critical boundary between order and chaos where computation is maximized.